Today’s feast honours two great Saints, who between them represent the Church’s mission to both Jews (Peter) and Gentiles (Paul) in other words to the whole world. Both are important figures in the early Church. St. Peter whom Jesus calls “rock” the person to whom Jesus entrusts the Church and gives “the keys of the kingdom of heaven.” St. Paul (formerly Saul) became a Christian on his way to Damascus after encountering the ‘risen Christ’ and travelled tirelessly to preach about Jesus.
In the Gospel Jesus askes the disciples who do the people say he is. At the time, they were in the region of Caesarea Philippi north of the Sea of Galilee, the incident is mentioned in both Mark and Matthew’s gospel. Peter answers Jesus’ question by identifying Jesus as the Messiah and the Son of God. It is Peter’s profession of faith. In Luke’s gospel Jesus’ question is placed in the context of Jesus praying. Jesus, askes the disciples what they believe, and Peter speaks for all of them announcing that Jesus is the Christ. “Christ” is the Greek translation of the Hebrew word for “Messiah,” which means “the anointed one.” Jesus gives Peter a new title (rock was not a known personal name at that time) and a mission of teaching authority. It is the first mention of the word ‘Church’ in the New Testament. In the person of Peter, united with the Apostles (today the Bishops united with the Pope and guided by him), the Church received from Christ the power of the “keys” of the Kingdom of heaven, or the power of ‘binding’ and ‘loosing’ in relation to the forgiveness of sins. Peter is given this special role as he recognized Jesus’ identity. Peter is the foundation of the Church (the first Pope). Paul also proclaims Jesus as the “Son of God” after his conversion and makes it his mission to preach this news to the Gentiles. In the Second reading which is a letter of Paul written to Timothy from a prison cell he reflects on his suffering and impending death. Paul is confident and unwavering in his faith, constantly giving glory to God.
Tradition holds that both Peter and Paul were martyred in Rome. The responsibility for the continuation of the profession of faith has been handed down to the Bishop of Rome and thus the Pope is the Bishop of Rome and the head of the Catholic Church.