
Thomas was born in 1225 in a castle in Roccasecca in the region today known as Lazio, Italy. His father was Count Landulf of Aquino, and his mother was Countess Theodora of Teano. His family consisted of three brothers and five sisters.
Thomas spent his childhood (between five and thirteen years old) in Monte Cassino, a famous monastery of those days, where his uncle was the Benedictine Abbot (Superior), to receive his first education. His parents were hoping that Thomas would himself become Abbot, a very prestigious position of nobility in those days. But when he was 14 years old, because of military and political conflicts, Thomas had to leave Monte Cassino and went to continue his studies in the University of Naples that had just been established.
As a young man, Thomas had grown into a tall man of ‘a bulky figure’, unusually quiet, but already proving to be a brilliant scholar, a genius of rare wisdom and described as ‘refined, affable and lovable’. It is said that he was often referred to as ‘dumb ox’ not because his peers thought he was not intelligent, but because he did not talk much. He was in fact listening, thinking and reflecting.
Probably it was during his university studies that he became interested in the Greek philosopher Aristotle, whose philosophical principles intrigued Thomas. It was also at this University that he encountered the Dominicans, a poor mendicant Order of preachers that had just been founded by Dominic of Gusman, later St. Dominic.
When Thomas was 19 years old his father died. At the same time, he had reached a decision to join the Dominicans. Thomas’ family was furious since their plan for him was to join the Benedictine Order that was more befitting the status of nobility. Thomas was abducted by his family and was kept locked in a family castle for over a year. During this time while all the members of his family tried to convince him to change his mind, he continued with his Scripture studies continuing to keep contact with the Dominicans in one way or another.
Eventually, his mother allowed him to escape during the night! Thomas rejoined the Dominicans and was ordained priest in 1250. He travelled to Paris where he continued his studies under Albert the Great, excelling in all areas of study. When he was 26 years old, the Pope conferred on him the title ‘Master of Theology.’
Thomas spent the rest of his life producing commentaries on Scripture, writing sermons and books, besides several liturgical hymns. At the same time, he continued to teach and preach, combatting controversies in debates defending the Catholic Faith, travelling to Paris, Naples, Orvieto and Rome as the Papal Theologian.
